Study Demonstrates Benefits of Brain Training

A trial from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) showed a 10-year benefit in realms of reasoning and speed.

Ten years after completing a brain training program, a group of older people still had improved cognitive abilities, according to results of a randomized clinical trial supported by the National Institutes of Health.

The report, from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study, appeared in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. The project was funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), components of the NIH.

“Previous data from this clinical trial demonstrated that the effects of the training lasted for five years,” said NIA Director Richard J. Hodes, M.D. “Now, these longer-term results indicate that particular types of cognitive training can provide a lasting benefit a decade later. They suggest that we should continue to pursue cognitive training as an intervention that might help maintain the mental abilities of older people so that they may remain independent and in the community.”

“ACTIVE is an important example of intervention research aimed at enabling older people to maintain their cognitive abilities as they age,” said NINR Director Patricia Grady, Ph.D. “The average age of the individuals who have been followed over the last 10 years is now 82. Given our nation’s aging population, this type of research is an increasingly high priority.”

The investigators were also interested in whether the training had an effect on the participants’ abilities to undertake some everyday and complex tasks of daily living. They assessed these using standardized measures of time and efficiency in performing daily activities, as well as asking the participants to report on their ability to carry out everyday tasks ranging from preparing meals, housework, finances, health care, using the telephone, shopping, travel and needing assistance in dressing, personal hygiene and bathing.

At the end of the trial, all groups showed declines from their baseline tests in memory, reasoning and speed of processing. However, the participants who had training in reasoning and speed of processing experienced less decline than those in the control groups. Results of the cognitive tests after 10 years show that 73.6 percent of reasoning-trained participants were still performing reasoning tasks above their pre-trial baseline level compared to 61.7 percent of control participants. This same pattern was seen in speed training: 70.7 percent of speed-trained participants were performing at or above their baseline level compared to 48.8 percent of controls. However, the researchers said memory training did not have an effect after 10 years.

“The speed-of-processing results are very encouraging,” said Jonathan W. King, Ph.D., program director for cognitive aging in the Division of Behavioral and Social Research at NIA and co-author. “The self-reported improvements in daily function are interesting, but we do not yet know whether they would truly allow older people to live independently longer; if they did, even a small effect would be important, not only for the older adults, but also for family members and others providing care.”

Source: The National Institute on Aging (NIA). The NIA leads the federal government effort conducting and supporting research on aging and the health and well-being of older people. The Institute’s broad scientific program seeks to understand the nature of aging and to extend the healthy, active years of life. For more information on research, aging, and health, go to www.nia.nih.gov. The study was published here.

Celebrating the Holidays When a Loved One Has Alzheimer’s Disease

The bright lights and big crowds make the holidays fun and exciting for many of us. But the season can present special challenges if you are a family caregiver of someone with Alzheimer’s or other form of cognitive impairment. A little planning can make the season less stressful for everyone in this situation. Geriatrics physician Dr. Cindy Carlsson, an Alzheimer’s disease researcher at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, explained that Alzheimer’s patients may feel a sense of loss during the holidays, while caregivers can become frantic trying to keep up with holiday traditions and caring for their loved ones at the same time.

Carlsson shared advice for making the holidays more enjoyable for everyone. Here are four easy suggestions as you plan this year’s holiday time with your friend or loved one:

Follow a routine. Sticking to a routine can reduce the stress on the person with dementia, as well as his or her caregiver and family. “Holidays are anything but routine, yet a routine is the best way to be kind to the patient,” Carlsson said. “Make sure the day is as normal as possible by providing meals at the same time they usually are.”

Help your loved one remember. People with Alzheimer’s can become frustrated when someone tries to challenge their memories with questions like, “Do you remember me?” and “Do you remember what we did last summer?” Advised Carlsson, “Regardless of how close you are to the person, introduce yourself. You could also update them on your activities so that they don’t have to ask questions.” Carlsson said reminiscent therapy can be effective. She suggests going through old family photos with your loved one. In addition, you might even ask guests to wear name tags.

Involve your loved one in activities. “We recommend that you involve an Alzheimer’s patient with straightforward activities like wrapping gifts, folding napkins or simple crafts,” said Carlsson. Activities can provide mental and physical stimulation.

Take care of the caregiver. The best gift for a caregiver can be the gift of time and respite. The typical stress of caring for a person with Alzheimer’s can become even more overwhelming during the holidays. Carlsson said you can help a caregiver by offering to give them some time off. Families can prepare a plan to share the caregiving. For caregivers who will be hosting the holiday get-together, Carlsson suggests smaller gatherings or even a potluck.

Source: University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, adapted by IlluminAge AgeWise.

Low Vitamin D May Hasten Dementia

Vitamin D, sometimes called “the sunshine vitamin,” is necessary for building strong bones, and lowers the risk of high blood pressure, certain cancers and problems with the immune system. Studies have shown that consuming adequate vitamin D lowers the risk of falls, improves mobility and even leads to a longer life.

This year, researchers from University of California Davis Alzheimer’s Disease Center and Rutgers School of Environmental and Biological Sciences revealed that vitamin D also appears to help slow the development of memory and thinking problems.

Over the course of eight years, the researchers tested the levels of vitamin D in a diverse group of older adults, and also tracked their cognitive abilities. Researcher Charles DeCarli of the UC Alzheimer’s Disease Center reports, “We expected to see declines in individuals with low vitamin D status. What was unexpected was how profoundly and rapidly [low vitamin D] impacts cognition.”

Indeed, the researchers found that people who were deficient in vitamin D showed cognitive declines two to three times faster than those with adequate vitamin D! Professor Joshua Miller says, “Independent of race or ethnicity, baseline cognitive abilities and a host of other risk factors, vitamin D insufficiency was associated with significantly faster declines in both episodic memory and executive function performance.”

We can get a certain amount of vitamin D from the foods we eat. Egg yolks, fatty fish and mushrooms are some of the naturally occurring sources, and other foods may also be fortified with vitamin D, such as milk, cheese, juice and cereal. We also soak in vitamin D from sun exposure. But during the cooler months of the year, the latter is a challenge for most of us. Even in the summer, most of us limit our sun exposure to avoid raising the risk of skin cancer, so supplements may be recommended.

The researchers note that elderly African Americans and Hispanics are at particularly high risk of vitamin D deficiency. People with more pigment in their skin absorb less of the nutrient from the sun. African American and Hispanic seniors also on average consume fewer dairy products, the other main source of vitamin D.

Miller, who was a professor with the UC Davis Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the time that the research was conducted, and now serves as professor and chair of the Department of Nutritional Sciences at Rutgers University, says that the results of this study should encourage people in their 60s and older to discuss taking a daily vitamin D supplement with their healthcare provider. Vitamin D is stored in the body’s fat, so taking too much can allow dangerous levels to build up, making it important to discuss our vitamin D intake with our healthcare provider.

DeCarli says, “This is a vitamin deficiency that could easily be treated and that has other health consequences. We need to start talking about it. And we need to start talking about it, particularly for people of color, for whom vitamin D deficiency appears to present an even greater risk.”

Source: AgeWise reporting on news releases from University of California Davis Alzheimer’s Disease Center and Rutgers School of Environmental and Biological Sciences

Worried About Memory Lapses?

Worried About Memory Lapses?

You need three ingredients for a recipe, so you dash to the grocery store—but once you’re there, you can’t remember one of the items you came for.

You go to a wedding reception, and even though you’ve met the bride’s mother before, you can’t remember her name.

You say aloud, “Where are my glasses, I’ve looked everywhere!” and your spouse points out that you’ve rested them on top of your head.

Memory lapses like these can worry us, especially as we grow older. But for the most part, these little slips are the result of perfectly normal changes of aging. Neurologists tell us that some thinking and memory skills drop off even by middle age, so we probably won’t beat a college student at, say, a game where we have to remember long strings of numbers. On the other hand, some of the qualities that are collectively known as “wisdom” continue to develop and flourish as we enter our seventh, eighth, even ninth and tenth decades.

It is true that certain conditions that become more common with age affect our memory and thinking. These include Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body dementia, Parkinson’s disease, vascular dementia and dementia resulting from a stroke or series of strokes. It’s important that these conditions be diagnosed early to allow for the best possible treatment, and so patients and their families can plan for the changes to follow.

Worrying about our memory can even, itself, affect our memory! Stress is a notorious memory inhibitor. And if we have a parent or other family member who has Alzheimer’s disease or another form of memory loss, this might make us even more sensitized to any lapses in our own memory.

To help consumers sort out the difference between ordinary mild forgetfulness and signs that should be reported to the doctor, the National Institutes of Health recently shared some information:

What is mild forgetfulness?

Some of us do get more forgetful as we age. It may take longer to learn new things, call up certain words, or find our glasses. These are often signs of mild forgetfulness, not serious memory problems.

If you’re worried about being forgetful, see your doctor and describe what’s bothering you. Be sure to make a follow-up appointment to check your memory in the next six months or year. If you’re afraid you’ll forget, ask a family member, friend, or the doctor’s office to remind you.

What can I do about mild forgetfulness?

You can do many things to help keep your memory sharp and stay alert. Here are some helpful ideas:

  • Learn a new skill.
  • Volunteer in your community, at a school, or at your place of worship.
  • Spend time with friends and family.
  • Use memory tools—to-do lists, reminder notes, big calendars.
  • Put your wallet or purse, keys and glasses in the same place each day.
  • Get lots of rest.
  • Exercise and eat well.
  • Don’t drink a lot of alcohol.
  • Get help if you feel depressed for weeks at a time.

What is a serious memory problem?

Serious memory problems make everyday things hard to do. You may find it hard to drive, shop, or even talk with a friend. Signs of serious memory problems may include:

  • asking the same questions over and over again
  • getting lost in places you know well
  • not being able to follow directions
  • becoming increasingly confused about time, people, and places
  • not taking care of yourself—eating poorly, not bathing, or being unsafe

What can I do if I’m worried about my memory?

See your doctor. If your doctor thinks your memory problems are serious, you may need a complete health checkup. The doctor will review your medicines and may test your blood and urine, as well as checking your memory, problem solving, counting, and language skills.

The doctor also may suggest a brain scan to show the normal and problem areas in the brain. Once the cause of the problem is discovered, you can ask what treatment might be best for you.

See your doctor if you are worried about your memory. It’s important to find out what is causing your memory problems.

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise with materials from MedlinePlus, a publication of the National Institutes of Health. For more information, read “Read Forgetfulness: Knowing When to Ask for Help” http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/forgetfulness  to learn more about the causes of memory loss, including treatable conditions.

Around the World and On Your Own Street: The Impact of Dementia

September is World Alzheimer’s Month. Each year, Alzheimer’s Disease International (www.alz.co.uk) issues a report to raise awareness of the disease and its impact on families. According to this year’s report, the cost of dementia care has increased by 35 percent in just five years. Says the report, “If global dementia care were a country, it would be the 18th largest economy in the world, and would exceed the market values of companies such as Apple (US $742 billion) and Google (US $368 billion).”

Dementia care burdens nations, communities and, especially, people with dementia and their families. Indeed, a recent survey conducted by University of Buffalo researchers found that most people with dementia and those caring for them would rather see money spent on care and support than on research for a cure.

During the recent White House Conference on Aging, a new initiative was unveiled that aims to help the 5 million Americans who are now living with Alzheimer’s, and the many millions more expected to follow. The Dementia Friendly America Initiative (www.dfamerica.org) aims to foster cities, counties, businesses and states that are “informed, safe and respectful of individuals with dementia and their families” and “provide supportive options and foster quality of life.”

“Alzheimer’s disease and dementia can be devastating to American families, but we are not powerless to support those living with the disease, their caregivers and loved ones,” said Senator Bill Frist, national spokesperson for Dementia Friendly America. “Starting in these communities, we’re building a nationwide effort to educate Americans about dementia, equip business owners and first responders to recognize and assist those with memory loss, and empower people with Alzheimer’s and dementia to engage independently and safely in community life for as long as possible.”

Currently, the communities include Tempe, AZ; Santa Clara County, CA; Denver, CO; Prince George’s County, MD; Knoxville, TN; and the state of West Virginia. Working with businesses, faith communities, health care organizations and other entities, these communities have the goals of:

  • Raising awareness about dementia and transforming attitudes
  • Having supportive options that foster quality of life
  • Supporting caregivers and families touched by the disease
  • Promoting meaningful participation in community life
  • Reaching those who are underserved

“Becoming dementia friendly must be a priority for all of our hometowns in order to remove stigma, enable people with Alzheimer’s to come out of the shadows and engage in their communities, and help families effectively manage all that comes with the critical task of caregiving,” said George Vradenburg, founder of USAgainstAlzheimer’s, a major catalyst behind the inception of the new initiative. “This hometown Dementia Friendly America initiative sends a message to American families experiencing dementia: ‘You are not alone, we are your neighbors, we care about you, and we want to help’.”

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise reporting on materials from Dementia Friendly America and Alzheimer’s Disease International.

Seven Fun Ways to Promote Healthy Aging

We’ve all heard that to stay healthy, we need to exercise more, eat more healthfully, quit smoking and drink alcohol only in moderation. For many of us, healthy lifestyle changes require a sacrifice and may feel like a lot of hard work. We grow weary of hearing people telling us we shouldn’t have that slice of pizza or banana cream pie and that we should start using that gym membership, which we purchased so many months ago.

The good news is that even if salad isn’t your top meal choice and you don’t enjoy spending time on the treadmill, there are several things that are actually enjoyable that can improve your health. Here’s just a few:

Get outside.
Get up off the couch, your office chair, or whatever is keeping you indoors and get out in nature. Not only will the walk (or the gardening) do you good; according to the Harvard Health Letter, you’ll also enjoy these benefits:

  • You’ll get more vitamin D. Sunlight is a natural source of vitamin D, which can help with numerous ailments including depression, cancer, osteoporosis and heart attacks. Don’t overdo it, but a little sunlight can work wonders.
  • Your mood will improve. Light tends to elevate most people’s mood and being outdoors may even increase your self-esteem. According to a study published in Environmental Science and Technology Journal, both men and women had increased self-esteem after “green” exercise.
  • You may heal more quickly. One study showed that people recovering from spinal surgery took less pain medication when exposed to natural light.

Take a nap.
Getting enough sleep overall is important for good health. Studies have shown it helps us do everything from lowering stress to maintaining a healthy weight to improving our memory. But sometimes we simply can’t fit those necessary eight hours in a single session. The answer? Take a nap! Napping provides all the benefits of “regular” sleep and can provide the perfect pick-me-up. A study by Sara Mednick, an assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of California, Riverside, showed that napping is more effective than caffeine when it comes to improving performance on motor, perceptual and verbal tasks. The best time to take a nap? According to Dr. Mednick, the perfect nap should be taken between 1:00 and 3:00 pm and last for 90 minutes.

Socialize.
We are, by nature, social beings. According to Matthew Lieberman, author of the book Social: Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect, “being socially connected is our brain’s lifelong passion.” Spending time with family and friends is enjoyable and allows us to connect with our fellow human beings. Additionally, it’s good for our health. A study from the Rush University Memory and Aging Project concluded that a higher level of social engagement in old age is associated with better cognitive function. A study from the Harvard School of Public Health found that people who engaged in a lot of social activity in their 50s and 60s had slower rates of memory decline compared to those who were more socially inactive. And according to a new study conducted at Brigham Young University, social isolation has been shown to be as much of a health risk as obesity.

Meditate.
You’ve undoubtedly heard that meditation can reduce stress, which helps the entire body function better. But for many, it may seem like there’s just not enough time to just sit and do nothing. For all you Type A’s out there, there’s good news from researchers at Carnegie Mellon University. A recent study there showed that just 25 minutes of mindful meditation a day for three consecutive days alleviates psychological stress. One of the easiest ways to meditate is to find a quiet place to be alone, sit, and concentrate on your breath.

Learn a new skill.
Challenging your mind is one of the best ways to help strengthen your brain, which may help protect it against Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia. While any mental exercise – crossword puzzles and other “brain games” – is good for the brain, a recent study done at the University of Texas at Dallas showed that learning a new skill has the most impact on brain health – and the more challenging the new skill, the greater the result. So, enroll in a computer class, take up quilting, or learn a new language. You’ll not only be gaining valuable life experience, but you’ll also be helping your brain now and in the future.

Give thanks.
The simple act of gratitude can promote all sorts of healing. According to Dr. Lawrence Rosen, an integrative pediatrician, there are at least five benefits of gratitude that have scientific studies to back them up. According to Rosen, gratitude:

  • Reduces depression.
  • Engenders a feeling of peace.
  • Aids in restful sleep.
  • Improves heath health.
  • Strengthens memory.

Laugh.
It may turn out that laughter really is the best medicine! According to the Mayo Clinic, laughter reduces stress, strengthens the immune system and improves your mood. And University of Maryland scientists say it’s also good for the heart. Michael Miller, a cardiologist who led the study, said, “The recommendation for a healthy heart may one day be exercise, eat right and laugh a few times a day.” Laughing is also good for the brain. A study at Johns Hopkins University Medical School showed that adding humor during classroom instruction led to higher test scores. And, finally, laughing may extend your life. In a study of 53,000 seniors done by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, researchers discovered that study participants who had a sense of humor had a 20 percent lower mortality rate compared to those who had difficulty in finding the humor in life.

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise

Confusion and Forgetfulness: The Right Diagnosis Is Important

Carolyn was worried about her 82-year-old mother. Mom, always so active and independent, had stopped going outside. Her condo was untidy, and there was little nourishing food in the kitchen. Mom seemed forgetful and her speech was slurred. Carolyn insisted that Mom go to the doctor to discuss the possibility of Alzheimer’s disease.

The doctor quickly discovered the real problem: Mom was experiencing negative side effects from a combination of medications she was taking for arthritis pain and insomnia. The doctor adjusted her medications, and Mom experienced almost immediate improvement.

As we grow older, memory loss and cognitive impairment become more common—not only as a result of Alzheimer’s, but also due to diseases such as Lewy body dementia, Parkinson’s disease, vascular dementia, and multi-infarct dementia from a stroke or series of strokes. Early diagnosis of these conditions is important so that the appropriate treatment and care can be started.

Patients and families should also remember that a complete medical evaluation may uncover a treatable, even curable, underlying cause for the patient’s symptoms. So it is important not to assume that confusion, memory loss and other personality changes inevitably signal dementia. Treatable causes may include:

Drug side effects and interactions—A medication regimen may begin simply with treatment for high blood pressure. Then another drug is added for another reason, and soon the pill reminder box is full. A number of drugs can cause confusion, alone or in combination with other drugs. Some of these include heart medications, steroids, narcotics, drugs to treat incontinence, sleep medications and antihistamines. Bring a list of all medications, including herbal preparations and supplements, to physician appointments.

Depression—Depression and dementia share many symptoms, such as forgetfulness and the inability to focus. Often, symptoms are much improved with counseling, medication and lifestyle changes.

Thyroid disease—When the thyroid gland produces too little or too much thyroid hormone, memory loss and confusion may result. A simple blood test can reveal a thyroid disorder. Most types of thyroid disease are easily treatable.

Vitamin deficiency—Sometimes elderly people have problems absorbing Vitamin B3, B12 or other vitamins from food. If the deficiency goes untreated, the resulting anemia can lead to symptoms of mental confusion, uncertainty and slowness.

Dehydration—As we grow older, the mechanism in our brain that tells us we are thirsty sends out a weaker signal, so seniors may drink less water than is needed for good health. Some heart patients may be on a restricted fluid regimen. Still other seniors try to limit fluid intake because of fear of incontinence. Dehydration symptoms, including disorientation and lethargy, can be similar to those of dementia.

Alcohol abuse—Some of the symptoms associated with alcoholism are very similar to those of dementia. Chronic alcohol abuse can cause permanent brain damage, including memory loss and confusion. But if the person gets his or her drinking under control, there is a good chance of improvement.

Head injury—Sometimes a seemingly minor fall or other injury results in a hematoma (blood clot) in the brain. This possibility increases as we grow older. These clots can prevent the brain from functioning normally, and can cause dementia-like symptoms. (Reminder: if a brain injury is suspected, call the doctor right away.)

Cognitive impairment is not a “natural part of growing older.” Geriatricians now recognize that dementia is part of a disease process. If a senior does have Alzheimer’s disease, it’s important to seek the best care to improve quality of life. But remember: the first step is to rule out other, treatable conditions.

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise, 2015

Can Helping Others Protect Our Brains?

Volunteers often receive a plaque or certificate honoring them for their service. Might they also receive an MRI showing increased brain health?

Most people who volunteer say that civic engagement gives them a big mood boost and a sense of accomplishment. Now, researchers from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have shown that helping others can actually slow the shrinking of the brain that happens as we grow older.

Over the course of two years, Professor Michelle Carlson and her team studied a group of seniors. At the beginning of the study, the team took MRI scans of the brains of the participants, who were an average of 67.2 years old.

Then, half of the study subjects began participating in the Baltimore Experience Corps, a program that brings retired people into public schools to serve as mentors for young children and to help them learn to read.

Two years later, brain scans showed that the seniors who had taken part in the volunteer program had maintained their brain size. Some participants even showed a modest growth in the memory center of the brain. The volunteer group also demonstrated an improvement on memory tests. By contrast, the seniors who did not volunteer exhibited typical age-related brain shrinkage.

“Someone once said to me that being in this program removed the cobwebs from her brain, and this study shows that is exactly what is happening,” said Carlson. “By helping others, participants are helping themselves in ways beyond just feeding their souls. They are helping their brains. The brain shrinks as part of aging, but with this program we appear to have stopped that shrinkage and are reversing part of the aging process.”

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise reporting on study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (www.jhsph.edu). The research was published in Alzheimer’s and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association.

Survey Reveals Global Misconceptions About Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease leaves no corner of the world untouched. According to the Alzheimer’s Association, by the year 2030, there will be over 76 million cases of Alzheimer’s, threatening economies worldwide.

Yet a survey performed by the Alzheimer’s Association showed a global lack of information about Alzheimer’s. The Association polled 6,307 people from 12 countries about their knowledge of the disease. The survey revealed that:

  • 60 percent of the people surveyed believe that Alzheimer’s is a typical part of aging.
  • 40 percent did not know that Alzheimer’s is a progressive, fatal disease.
  • 37 percent thought that only people with a family history of the disease are at risk.

The Alzheimer’s Association urges everyone to learn more about Alzheimer’s, and to work together to raise awareness. Visit the Alzheimer’s Association website (www.alz.org) to find a wealth of information. “Alzheimer’s is a devastating disease that slowly robs people of their independence and eventually their lives,” said Harry Johns, president and CEO of the Association. “Sadly, Alzheimer’s disease knows no bounds. Anyone with a brain is at risk, so everyone with a brain should join the fight against it.”

Source: AgeWise reporting on a study from the Alzheimer’s Association.

The Best Way to Protect Your Memory? Follow an Overall Wellness Plan!

We read a lot about the “mind-body connection” these days. Most of us realize that the way we think about things can influence the health of our entire bodies. But it’s important to know that this works both ways: our overall wellness affects the health of our brains.

We used to think of “the mind” in an abstract way, as something somehow separate from our bodies. But new imaging techniques now allow researchers to observe brain function in ways that would have seemed like science fiction only a few years ago. Some scientists have described these images as “portraits of the formation of thoughts.” And what they see confirms again and again that brain health is closely interrelated with whole body health.

Recent studies link brain health with:

Heart health. We’ve long known that getting enough exercise, and controlling our weight, blood pressure and cholesterol all benefit our hearts. Now, it is clearer than ever that the lifestyle choices we make for cardiac wellness also benefit our brains. According to the American Heart Association, “Preserving a healthy blood vessel wall is important in preventing cognitive impairment.”

Diabetes. The American Academy of Neurology released a study showing that people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes appear to be at higher risk of developing the plaques and tangles in the brain that are associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Said study author Kensuke Sasaki, MD, “It’s possible that by controlling or preventing diabetes, we might also be helping to prevent Alzheimer’s disease.”

Dental health. Tooth loss and gum disease have also been linked to an increased risk of dementia. Several recent studies suggest that good oral hygiene protects cognitive health. According to Dr. Nozomi Okamoto of Nara Medical University in Japan, “Infections in the gums that can lead to tooth loss may release inflammatory substances which in turn will enhance the brain inflammation that hastens memory loss.”

Hearing loss. Johns Hopkins University researchers reported in the Archives of Neurology that older adults with moderate to severe hearing loss may be at higher risk of developing dementia. While the connection is not yet fully understood, the authors suggest that hearing loss may result in “exhaustion of cognitive reserve,” when our brains become stressed with the extra work required to hear. Hearing loss also leads to social isolation, which is another risk factor. The researchers emphasize that current technology often can help seniors improve their hearing—and this new study should provide extra motivation to seek out state-of-the-art hearing loss treatment.

These are just a few of the studies that demonstrate the importance of following our healthcare provider’s advice to best manage health conditions. We know more than ever before that healthy aging lifestyle choices serve double duty: when we improve our diet, add more exercise to our routine, give up smoking, reduce stress, and manage any health conditions we have, we benefit not only our bodies but also our minds.

Source: IlluminAge AgeWise, 2015